Workshop: Numerical Simulation Of High Velocity Impact On Granite Stone In Abaqus And Investigate Induced Damage

The constitutive relationship of a material is not only derived from experimental data but also plays a key role in numerical simulations. It represents the physical and mechanical properties of materials as accurately as possible, which improves the reliability of simulation results.

Today, many constitutive models are being developed and continuously optimized to meet the growing demand for numerical simulations. For materials subjected to large strains, high strain rates, and high pressures (LHH conditions), dynamic constitutive models often include complex parameters and sensitive coefficients, such as rate effects and strength factors. Determining these parameters is a challenging task.

The Johnson–Holmquist II (JH-2) constitutive model was originally designed to simulate the behavior of brittle materials, especially ceramics. This model incorporates softening characteristics and accounts for pressure-dependent strength, damage, fracture, post-fracture strength, bulking, and strain rate effects.

In the JH-2 model, the strength of both intact and fractured material depends on pressure, strain rate, and damage. These dependencies are expressed through a set of constants obtained from dynamic and quasi-static experiments.

In this simulation, the high-velocity impact of a rigid projectile on granite stone was studied. An explicit step with general contact was used in the input file to capture internal damage and erosion. During the analysis, the damage variable for granite is clearly visible. Figures of the simulation results are shown below.